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	<title>Graph Theory in LaTeX 2</title>
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		<title>Graph Theory in LaTeX 2</title>
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		<item>
		<title>Options for vertices</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/10/17/options-for-vertices/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/10/17/options-for-vertices/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Oct 2011 22:33:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vertices]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=114</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This post is an update for this post from my old blog, which did not work with the newer versions of tkz-berge. The changes are: instead of \tikzstyle{every node} = [node distance=1.5cm] one now has to use the macro: \SetGraphUnit{1.5}, the macro \Vertices needs now an extra argument: {line} (another useful option here is {circle}) [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=114&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This post is an update for <a href="http://graphtheoryinlatex.blogspot.com/2009/08/several-options-for-vertex-macro.html">this</a> post from my old blog, which did not work with the newer versions of <code>tkz-berge</code>. The changes are: </p>
<ul>
<li>instead of <code>\tikzstyle{every node} = [node distance=1.5cm]</code> one now   has to use the macro: <code>\SetGraphUnit{1.5}</code>, </li>
<li>the macro <code>\Vertices</code> needs now an extra argument: <code>{line}</code>   (another useful option here is <code>{circle}</code>) </li>
<li>the macro <code>\Edges</code> in line 16 needs the extra option <code>local</code>, in order   for the other options (the color red) to work. </li>
</ul>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \SetVertexNormal[LineColor=brown]
  \Vertex[x=0,y=2.5,style=orange,LabelOut=true,Lpos=90]{A}
  {\SetGraphUnit{1.5}
    \Vertices[x=1.5,y=4,dir=\SO,LabelOut=true,Ldist=5pt]{line}{B,C,D}}
  \Vertices[x=3,y=5,dir=\SO,style={shape=coordinate}]{line}{E,F,G,H,I,J}
  \Vertices[x=4.5,y=5,dir=\SO,style={font=\bfseries}]{line}{K,L,M,N,O,P}
  {\SetGraphUnit{1.5}
    \Vertices[x=6,y=4,dir=\SO,
    style={line width=2pt,
      inner sep=0pt,
      text=purple,
      fill=yellow,
      minimum size=12pt}]{line}{Q,R,S}}
  \Vertex[x=7.5,y=2.5,style={shape=rectangle,blue}]{T}
  \Edges[local,color=red,lw=2pt](A,B,E,K,Q,T,S,P,J,D,A)
  \Edges(B,G,L,R,T)
  \Edges(D,H,O,R)
  \Edges(A,C,F,M,Q)
  \Edges(C,I,N,S)
  \foreach \x/\y in {E/F,G/H,I/J,K/L,M/N,O/P}
  {\Edge(\x)(\y)}
  \Edge[style={bend left}](G)(N)
  \Edge[style={bend right}](A)(T)
\end{tikzpicture}</pre></p>
<p> <img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/wpid-vertices.png?w=600" alt="Vertices" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
<br />  <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gocomments/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/comments/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godelicious/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/delicious/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gofacebook/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/facebook/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gotwitter/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/twitter/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/gostumble/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/stumble/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/godigg/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/digg/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/goreddit/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://feeds.wordpress.com/1.0/reddit/graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/114/" /></a> <img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=114&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></content:encoded>
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		</media:content>

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			<media:title type="html">Vertices</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Edges on a grid</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/08/24/edges-on-a-grid/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/08/24/edges-on-a-grid/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:02:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[counters]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[foreach]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grid]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=111</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For drawing some extra edges in a grid I used the following code: For some reason the following code does not work (producing the error ! Package pgf Error: No shape named a1 is known.) Apparently, only counters are permitted as vertex indices.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=111&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For drawing some extra edges in a grid I used the following code: </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \newcounter{xp}
  \newcounter{yp}
  \grGrid[prefix=a,RA=2,RB=2]{6}{6}
  \foreach \x in {0,2,4}{%
    \foreach \y in {1,3}{%
      \setcounter{xp}{\x}
      \setcounter{yp}{\y}
      \stepcounter{xp}
      \stepcounter{yp}
      \Edge(a\x;\y)(a\thexp;\theyp)
      }
    }
\end{tikzpicture}</pre></p>
<p> <img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/wpid-edgesonagrid.png?w=600" alt="" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
<p> For some reason the following code does not work (producing the error <code>!  Package pgf Error: No shape named a1 is known.</code>) Apparently, only counters are permitted as vertex indices. </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \grGrid[prefix=a,RA=2,RB=2]{6}{6}
  \foreach \x in {0,2,4}{%
    \foreach \y in {1,3}{%
      \pgfmathsetmacro{\xp}{\x+1}
      \pgfmathsetmacro{\yp}{\y+1}
      \Edge(a\x;\y)(a\xp;\yp)
      }
    }
\end{tikzpicture}</pre></p>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>The flower snarks</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/03/10/the-flower-snarks/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/03/10/the-flower-snarks/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Mar 2011 03:48:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[macro]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[snark]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=105</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;m using the new rotation option for cycles to define a macro that draws a flower snark. The macro has as optional arguments the radius RA, RB, and RC of the three types of vertices, and a mandatory argument which must be an odd natural number. So that, for example: gives:<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=105&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m using the new <code>rotation</code> option for cycles to define a macro that draws a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_snark">flower snark</a>. The macro has as optional arguments the radius <code>RA</code>, <code>RB</code>, and <code>RC</code> of the three types of vertices, and a mandatory argument which must be an odd natural number. </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\newcommand{\grFlowerSnark}[2][]{%
  \begingroup
  \setkeys[GR]{cl}{#1}%
  \edef\tkzb@rtemp{\cmdGR@cl@RA}
  \edef\tkzb@rtempx{\cmdGR@cl@RB}
  \edef\tkzb@ptemp{\cmdGR@cl@RC}
  \pgfmathsetcounter{tkz@gr@a}{(#2-1)/2}
  \pgfmathsetcounter{tkz@gr@b}{(#2+1)/2}
  \grCycle[RA=\tkzb@ptemp,prefix=b,rotation=90]{#2}
  \grEmptyCycle[RA=\tkzb@rtempx,prefix=a,rotation=90]{#2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\smallshift}{360/(5*#2)}
  \grEmptyCycle[RA=\tkzb@rtemp,prefix=c,rotation=90+\smallshift]{#2}
  \grEmptyCycle[RA=\tkzb@rtemp,prefix=d,rotation=90-\smallshift]{#2}
  \EdgeIdentity{a}{b}{#2}
  \EdgeIdentity{a}{c}{#2}
  \EdgeIdentity{a}{d}{#2}
  \Edge(c\thetkz@gr@a)(d\thetkz@gr@b)
  \pgfmathsetcounter{tkz@gr@c}{\thetkz@gr@a-1}
  \pgfmathsetcounter{tkz@gr@d}{\thetkz@gr@b+1}
  {\tikzset{EdgeStyle/.append style = {bend right=90}}
    \EdgeDoubleMod{c}{#2}{0}{1}{c}{#2}{1}{1}{\thetkz@gr@c}
    \EdgeDoubleMod{c}{#2}{\thetkz@gr@b}{1}{c}{#2}{\thetkz@gr@d}{1}{\thetkz@gr@c}
    \EdgeDoubleMod{d}{#2}{0}{1}{d}{#2}{1}{1}{\thetkz@gr@c}
    \EdgeDoubleMod{d}{#2}{\thetkz@gr@b}{1}{d}{#2}{\thetkz@gr@d}{1}{\thetkz@gr@c}
  }
  \Edge[style={bend right=90}](d\thetkz@gr@a)(c\thetkz@gr@b)
  \endgroup
}
</pre></p>
<p> So that, for example: </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \SetVertexNormal[MinSize=10pt]
  \grFlowerSnark[RA=4,RB=2.5,RC=1]{5}
\end{tikzpicture}
</pre></p>
<p> gives: </p>
<p> <img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/wpid-flowersnark.png?w=600" alt="Flower snark" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
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			<media:title type="html">Flower snark</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Szekeres snark, more new features</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/03/09/the-szekeres-snark-more-new-features/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/03/09/the-szekeres-snark-more-new-features/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Mar 2011 04:34:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cycles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[snark]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=101</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[\grEmptyCycle and \grCycle can also have options x and y, that set the coordinates of the center of the cycle, or r and d for polar coordinates (r is the radius and d the angle). Here we use these options together with rotation, in order to draw the Szekeres snark.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=101&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><code>\grEmptyCycle</code> and <code>\grCycle</code> can also have options <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>, that set the coordinates of the center of the cycle, or <code>r</code> and <code>d</code> for polar coordinates (<code>r</code> is the radius and <code>d</code> the angle). Here we use these options together with <code>rotation</code>, in order to draw the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szekeres_snark">Szekeres snark</a>. </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\newcounter{in}
\newcounter{nex}
\newcounter{ney}
\begin{tikzpicture}[rotate=90,scale=0.8]
  \SetUpVertex[Style={font=\footnotesize\sffamily}]
  \SetVertexNormal[MinSize=12pt,InnerSep=0pt]
  \grEmptyCycle[prefix=x]{5}
  \foreach \x in  {0,1,...,4}{%
    \setcounter{in}{\x}
    \stepcounter{in}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\rad}{72*\x}
    \grEmptyCycle[RA=1.65,r=4,d=\rad,prefix=\alph{in},rotation=\rad-160]{9}
    \EdgeInGraphLoop*{\alph{in}}{9}
    \Edge(\alph{in}0)(\alph{in}5)
    \Edge(\alph{in}8)(\alph{in}3)
    \foreach \y in {1,4,7}{%
      \Edge(x\x)(\alph{in}\y)}
  }
  \foreach  \x in  {0,1,...,4}{%
    \setcounter{in}{\x}
    \stepcounter{in}
    \pgfmathsetcounter{nex}{mod(\x+1,5)+1}
    \setcounter{ney}{\thenex}
    \Edge(\alph{in}0)(\alph{ney}8)
    \pgfmathsetcounter{nex}{mod(\x+2,5)+1}
    \setcounter{ney}{\thenex}
    \Edge(\alph{in}6)(\alph{ney}2)
  }
\end{tikzpicture}
</pre></p>
<p> <img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/wpid-szekeres.png?w=600" alt="Szekeres snark" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
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			<media:title type="html">Szekeres snark</media:title>
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		<item>
		<title>New versions of tkz-graph and tkz-berge</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/03/08/new-versions-of-tkz-graph-and-tkz-berge/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/03/08/new-versions-of-tkz-graph-and-tkz-berge/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Mar 2011 04:31:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[changes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[new-version]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=93</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Finally, the much expected new versions (1.00 c) of tzk-graph and tkz-berge were released by Alain Matthes last week, and can be downloaded from Altermundus download zone. I expect to post several examples using the new capabilities of the packages. For the time being, I will only say that: \grCycle (and \grEmptyCycle) has an optional [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=93&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Finally, the much expected new versions (1.00 c) of <code>tzk-graph</code> and <code>tkz-berge</code> were released by Alain Matthes last week, and can be downloaded from <a href="http://altermundus.com/pages/downloads/index.html">Altermundus download zone</a>. </p>
<p> I expect to post several examples using the new capabilities of the packages. For the time being, I will only say that: </p>
<ul>
<li><code>\grCycle</code> (and <code>\grEmptyCycle</code>) has an optional argument <code>rotation</code> that,   well, rotates the cycle by the given degrees, hence eliminating the   need to use the <code>scope</code> environment. </li>
<li>The commands like <code>\SetUpVertex</code> and <code>\SetVertexNormal</code> accept also   several optional arguments, so that one can avoid setting styles   with <code>\tikzset</code>. </li>
<li>All of the commands that draw <code>Edges</code> (except <code>\EdgeDoubleMod</code>, that has   already nine arguments) can accept optional arguments, changing the   look and/or style of the edge.  </li>
</ul>
<p> For example, the line graph of the Petersen graph can be drawn now as: </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \SetUpVertex[Style={font=\footnotesize\sffamily}]
  \SetVertexNormal[MinSize=12pt,InnerSep=0pt]
  \grCirculant[RA=0.6,prefix=a,rotation=-90]{5}{2}
  \grEmptyCycle[RA=1.5,prefix=b,rotation=-18]{5}{2}
  \grCycle[RA=2.5,prefix=c,rotation=18]{5}
  \EdgeIdentity[local,color=red]{a}{b}{5}
  \EdgeIdentity[local,lw=0.5pt]{b}{c}{5}
  {\tikzset{EdgeStyle/.append style = {blue,line width=3pt}}
  \EdgeDoubleMod{b}{5}{0}{1}{a}{5}{2}{1}{5}}
  {\tikzset{EdgeStyle/.append style = {green,line width=2pt}}
  \EdgeDoubleMod{c}{5}{0}{1}{b}{5}{1}{1}{5}}
\end{tikzpicture}
</pre></p>
<p> <img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/wpid-newlinepetersen1.png?w=600" alt="Line graph of the Petersen graph" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
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			<media:title type="html">Line graph of the Petersen graph</media:title>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Doing more with vertices</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/01/21/doing-more-with-vertices/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/01/21/doing-more-with-vertices/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 22 Jan 2011 02:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[decorations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[edges]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[loops]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vertices]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=85</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The vertices that tkz-berge draws are regular named TikZ nodes, and so they can be used if one wants unusual edges. Update: I added four more lines, to show that one can also use the node names provided by tkz-berge, to apply extra labels.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=85&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The vertices that <code>tkz-berge</code> draws are regular named TikZ nodes, and so they can be used if one wants unusual edges. </p>
<p> <b>Update:</b> I added four more lines, to show that one can also use the node names provided by <code>tkz-berge</code>, to apply extra labels. </p>
<p> <img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/wpid-loops.png?w=600" alt="Options for vertices" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
<p><pre class="brush: plain;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing,arrows}
  \tikzset{EdgeStyle/.append style = {line width=2pt}}
  \grEmptyPath[RA=2]{6}
  \draw[line width=3pt] (a0) .. controls (-1,1) and (1,1) .. (a0);
  \draw[thick,color=blue] (a1) .. controls (0,0) and (2,2) .. (a1);
  \draw (a2) .. controls (0,2) and (8,2) .. (a2);
  \shadedraw[top color=brown,opacity=0.8] (a3) circle (0.7cm);
  \draw[thick,decorate,decoration=snake] (a4) -- (a5);
  \draw (a2) node[below]{\textsf{a label}};
  \draw (a3) node[above right=5pt]{$v_{0}$};
  \node (mytext) at (9,1.5) [shape=rectangle,align=center,draw] {a good\\ vertex};
  \draw[-&gt;,line width=1pt] (mytext)  -- (a4);
\end{tikzpicture}</pre></p>
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			<media:title type="html">Options for vertices</media:title>
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		<title>The macro \EdgeDoubleMod</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/01/10/the-macro-edgedoublemod/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2011/01/10/the-macro-edgedoublemod/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Jan 2011 04:08:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[macro]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=79</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The macro \EdgeDoubleMod is convenient when drawing some complicated graphs. Consider the following picture of the line graph of the Petersen graph. produced by: We construct the graph using tree cycles: a circulant, an &#8220;empty&#8221; cycle and a usual cycle. The code \EdgeIdentity{a}{b}{5} just joins, for each from 0 to 4 (that is, five times) [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=79&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The macro <code>\EdgeDoubleMod</code> is convenient when drawing some complicated graphs. Consider the following picture of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_graph">line graph</a> of the Petersen graph. </p>
<p> <img src="//graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/wpid-lineofpetersen.png" alt="Line graph of the Petersen graph" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
<p> produced by: </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \SetVertexNormal[MinSize=12pt]
  \tikzset{VertexStyle/.append style=
    {inner sep=0pt,font=\footnotesize\sffamily}}
  \begin{scope}[rotate=-90]
    \grCirculant[RA=0.6,prefix=a]{5}{2}
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[rotate=-18]
    \grEmptyCycle[RA=1.5,prefix=b]{5}{2}
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[rotate=18]
    \grCycle[RA=2.5,prefix=c]{5}
  \end{scope}
  \EdgeIdentity{a}{b}{5} 
  \EdgeIdentity{b}{c}{5}
  {\tikzset{EdgeStyle/.append style = {blue,line width=3pt}}
  \EdgeDoubleMod{b}{5}{0}{1}{a}{5}{2}{1}{5}}
  {\tikzset{EdgeStyle/.append style = {green,line width=2pt}}
  \EdgeDoubleMod{c}{5}{0}{1}{b}{5}{1}{1}{5}}
\end{tikzpicture}

</pre></p>
<p> We construct the graph using tree cycles: a circulant, an &#8220;empty&#8221; cycle and a usual cycle. The code <code>\EdgeIdentity{a}{b}{5}</code> just joins, for each <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=i&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=333333&amp;s=0' alt='i' title='i' class='latex' /> from 0 to 4 (that is, five times) the vertex labeled <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_i&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=333333&amp;s=0' alt='a_i' title='a_i' class='latex' /> to the vertex labeled <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b_i&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=333333&amp;s=0' alt='b_i' title='b_i' class='latex' />. </p>
<p> Finally <code>\EdgeDoubleMod{b}{5}{0}{1}{a}{5}{2}{1}{5}</code> joins, for each <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=i&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=333333&amp;s=0' alt='i' title='i' class='latex' /> between 0 and 4 (that is the 5 in the last argument), the vertex labeled <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b_%7B0%2B1%5Ccdot+i%7D&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=333333&amp;s=0' alt='b_{0+1&#92;cdot i}' title='b_{0+1&#92;cdot i}' class='latex' /> to the vertex labeled <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_%7B2%2B1%5Ccdot+i%7D&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=333333&amp;s=0' alt='a_{2+1&#92;cdot i}' title='a_{2+1&#92;cdot i}' class='latex' />. In both cases, the sub-index is calculated mod 5 (because of the second and the sixth argument). </p>
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		<title>Three complete graphs</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/09/29/three-complete-graphs/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/09/29/three-complete-graphs/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Sep 2010 03:04:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[captions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shift]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sine]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=73</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Also with captions.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=73&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/threeks2.png?w=600" alt="three complete graphs, aligned" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
<p> Also with captions. </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\GraphInit[vstyle=Hasse]
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\theshift}{4/(1+sin(30))-2}
  \begin{scope}[yshift=-\theshift cm]
    \grTetrahedral[RA=4/(1+sin(30))]
  \end{scope}
  \draw (0,-2.5) node [fill=magenta!30!white,below]{$K_{4}$};
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\theshift}{4/(1+sin(54))-2}
  \begin{scope}[xshift=6cm,yshift=-\theshift cm,rotate=90]
    \grComplete[RA=4/(1+sin(54))]{5}
  \end{scope}
  \draw (6,-2.5) node [fill=magenta!30!white,below]{$K_{5}$};
  \begin{scope}[xshift=12cm]
    \grComplete[RA=2/sin(60)]{6}
  \end{scope}
  \draw (12,-2.5) node [fill=magenta!30!white,below]{$K_{6}$};
\end{tikzpicture}

</pre></p>
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			<media:title type="html">rvf0068</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">three complete graphs, aligned</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Three graphs</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/09/11/three-graphs/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/09/11/three-graphs/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Sep 2010 04:03:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cosine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shift]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/?p=59</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Note that we have to adjust the radius of the third graph so that it aligns with the other two.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=59&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/3graphs22.png?w=600" alt="three graphs, aligned" class="aligncenter" /> </p>
<p> Note that we have to adjust the radius of the third graph so that it aligns with the other two. </p>
<p><pre class="brush: latex;">
\GraphInit[vstyle=Hasse]
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \grLCF[RA=2]{5}{10}
  \begin{scope}[xshift=5cm]
    \grLCF[RA=2]{3,-3}{5}
  \end{scope}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\theshift}{2*cos(18)-(4*cos(18)/(1+cos(36)))}
  \begin{scope}[xshift=10cm,yshift=\theshift cm,rotate=90]
    \grPrism[RA=1,RB=(4*cos(18)/(1+cos(36)))]{5}
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

</pre></p>
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			<media:title type="html">rvf0068</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">three graphs, aligned</media:title>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>The macro \EdgeInGraphMod</title>
		<link>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/07/28/the-macro-edgeingraphmode/</link>
		<comments>http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/07/28/the-macro-edgeingraphmode/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 00:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rafael</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[circulant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[org2blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com/2010/07/28/the-macro-edgeingraphmode/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This macro is useful for circulants. Observe: \begin{tikzpicture} \grCycle[prefix=a,RA=3]{14} \EdgeInGraphMod{a}{8}{3} \end{tikzpicture} which produces: This means that the edges ai &#8211; ai+3 are added to the graph, starting when i=0 and whenever i+3&#60;8. The &#8220;3&#8221; here is the third argument of the macro, and the &#8220;8&#8221; is the second. The &#8220;a&#8221; is the identifier of the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=graphtheoryinlatex.wordpress.com&amp;blog=12116189&amp;post=50&amp;subd=graphtheoryinlatex&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This macro is useful for circulants. Observe:</p>
<pre class="src src-latex"><span style="color:#fa8072;font-weight:bold;">\begin</span>{<span style="color:#7fffd4;font-weight:bold;">tikzpicture</span>}
  <span style="color:#d3d3d3;">\grCycle</span>[prefix=a,RA=3]{14}
  <span style="color:#d3d3d3;">\EdgeInGraphMod</span>{a}{8}{3}
<span style="color:#fa8072;font-weight:bold;">\end</span>{<span style="color:#7fffd4;font-weight:bold;">tikzpicture</span>}
</pre>
<p>which produces:</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/macro1.png?w=332&#038;h=327" alt="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/macro1.png?w=332&#038;h=327" width="332" height="327" /></p>
<p>This means that the edges a<sub>i</sub> &#8211; a<sub>i+3</sub> are added to the graph, starting when i=0 and whenever i+3&lt;8. The &#8220;3&#8221; here is the third argument of the macro, and the &#8220;8&#8221; is the second. The &#8220;a&#8221; is the identifier of the vertices joined by the added edges.</p>
<p>Hence the circulant is obtained by:</p>
<pre class="src src-latex"><span style="color:#fa8072;font-weight:bold;">\begin</span>{<span style="color:#7fffd4;font-weight:bold;">tikzpicture</span>}
  <span style="color:#d3d3d3;">\grCycle</span>[RA=3]{14}
  <span style="color:#d3d3d3;">\EdgeInGraphMod</span>{a}{14}{3}
<span style="color:#fa8072;font-weight:bold;">\end</span>{<span style="color:#7fffd4;font-weight:bold;">tikzpicture</span>}
</pre>
<p>that is:</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/macro2.png?w=332&#038;h=327" alt="http://graphtheoryinlatex.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/macro2.png?w=332&#038;h=327" width="332" height="327" /></p>
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